Dinoflagellate (Alexandrium catenella)
From: Japan
To: Australia
Effect: caused red tides, contaminated seafood
How introduced: Stowaway brought in ballast water
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Green crab (Carcinus maenas)
From: Asia
To: San Francisco
Effect: crowded out native species
How introduced: Stowaway brought in ballast water
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Asian Clam (Potamocorbula amurensis)
From: Asia
To: San Francisco
Effect: crowded out native species
How introduced: Stowaway brought in ballast water
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Comb jelly (Mnemiopsis leidyi)
From: North Atlantic
To: Black Sea
Effect: killed larvae and ate food of local fisheries
How introduced: Stowaway brought in ballast water
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Periwinkle (Littorina littorea)
From: Europe
To: N. America
Effect: crowded out native species
How introduced: Valid Visa intentionally introduced
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Green alga (Codium fragile tomentosoides)
From: Asia
To: Florida reefs, northeastern U.S.
Effect: grew over reefs
How introduced: Accidental Tourist escaped from captivity
Illustration © Tim Phelps
California sea hare (Aplysia californica)
From: California
To: Massachusetts
Effect: didn't thrive
How introduced: Accidental Tourist escaped from lab
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Giant tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon)
From: southeast Asia
To: coastal Florida, Georgia
Effect: none observed
How introduced: Accidental Tourist escaped from captivity
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Saltmarsh cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora)
From: eastern U.S. coast
To: Accidental Tourist escaped from captivity
Effect:
How introduced: destroyed habitats
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Nutria (Myocastor coypus)
From: S. America
To: southeastern U.S.
Effect: damaged marshes
How introduced: Accidental Tourist escaped from fur farm
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Copepod (Sinocalanus doerrii)
From: China
To: California
Effect: replaced native copepods in fish diets
How introduced: This one is ambiguous.
It is either Stowaway brought in ballast water or
Accidental Tourist escaped from captivity
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Manila clam (Venerupsis japonica)
From: Pacific
To: Washington
Effect: became a major commercial catch
How introduced: Accidental Tourist escaped from captivity
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Bluestripe snapper (Lutjanus kasmira)
From: unknown
To: Hawaii
Effect: displaced more desirable native species
How introduced: Valid Visa imported for sport fishing
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Goldspot herring (Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus)
From: Marshall Islands
To: Hawaii
Effect: none observed
How introduced: Valid Visa imported for bait
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Seagrass (Halophila stipulacea)
From: W. Indian Ocean
To: Mediterranean
Effect: none observed
How introduced: Stowaway brought in ballast water
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Cholera bacterium (Vibrio cholerae)
From: South America
To: Alabama (1992)
Effect: shellfish-bed closings; health threat
How introduced: Stowaway brought in ballast water
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Shore crab (Hemigrapsus sanguineus)
From: Asia
To: New Jersey
Effect: none observed
How introduced: Stowaway brought in ballast water
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha)
From: Europe
To: Great Lakes
Effect: billions of dollars in property damage
How introduced: Stowaway brought in ballast water
Illustration © Tim Phelps
King Crab
northeastern Pacific
Depleted
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Atlantic Cod
northeastern Atlantic
Depleted to Overfished
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Haddock
northwestern Atlantic
Depleted to Overfished
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Salmon
northeastern Pacific
Overfished to Steady
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Silver Hake
northwestern Atlantic
Abundant
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Bluefin Tuna
Atlantic
Depleted
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Shrimp
east central Pacific
Overfished to Steady
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Atlantic Redfish
northeastern Atlantic
Overfished to Steady
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Alaska Pollock
northeastern Pacific
Overfished to Steady
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Pacific Halibut
northeastern Pacific
Overfished to Steady
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Atlantic Mackerel
northeastern Atlantic
Overfished to Steady
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Albacore Tuna
Pacific
Overfished to Steady
Illustration © Tim Phelps
DSV Alvin
Operating Depth: 13,124 feet
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Bathysphere
William Beebe
3000 ft (914 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Northern Elephant Seal
4921 ft (1500 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Deepest Recorded Fish
27,460 ft (8370 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Free Dive
Jacques Mayol
282 ft (86 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Jim Diving Suit
Untethered Dive
1968 ft (600 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Military Submarine
2950 ft (900 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Octopus
16,404 ft (5000 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
SCUBA (air) Dive
Brent Gilliam
325 ft (99 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Johnson Sea Link
3000 ft (914 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Shinkai
3-passenger submersible
21,414 ft (6527 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Sponge
18,500 ft (5639 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Bathyscaphe Trieste
35,802 ft (10,912 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Sperm Whale
3773 ft (1150 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Deepest Alga
900 ft (274 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Amphipod
32,199 ft (9789 m)
Illustration © Tim Phelps
Ocean Planet Exhibition Floorplan